2022中考英语现在完成时态考点探究（含答案）

******

现在完成时态是中考的必考时态，由于现在完成时态既涉及到过去，又联系到现在和一般过去时态，一般现在时态等，既有联系，又有区别，所以同学们。掌握起来比较困难。现在就现在完成时态之用法和考点归纳如下，以利同学们掌握。

一、结构

现在完成时态由 “助动词have/ has+过去分词” 构成

二、基本用法：

（一）表示过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。

如：（1）He has come    他来了（他现在在这儿）

（2）He has turned on the light  他已经把灯打开了（房间是亮的）

（3）She has learned to skate  她学过滑冰（她现在会滑冰）

（4）He has beento Armenia 他去过美国（他现在不在那里，但知道那里的情况）

考点探究：

1、对这种用法的考查，主要考查学生对现在完成时态的判断。这种用法强调过去动作对现在造成的影响，因此，在题干中常用一般现在时态或一般将来时态的句子来说明这种影响或结果。

如：（1）I ___________ (spend) all themoney, so I have to walk home.

答案为have spent.花光钱是过去的动作，但对现在造成了影响，“我现在必须得步行回家”。

（2）—Will you go to see the movie, King Kong this evening?

—No, I won’t, I ___________it.(see)

答案为have seen。 正是由于“我看过了的”，所对对现在的影响是“我今晚不去看”。

2、常用的副词及短语：already, just., ever ,never, yet, recently, so far , in the last few years

（二）现在完成时态表示过去开始的动作或存在的状态一直持续到现在或将来，常接for或since短语表示时间段或so far, in the last fewyears, all day等时间短语。

如：（1） He has beenhere since last spring.

（2） I’ve learnedEnglish for three years.

（3） He hasworked all day.

  考点探究：

1、对for 和since的考查。

for接时间数量，since后接过去时间点或一般过去时态的从句。

如：(1) I havebeen here for three years.

(2) I havebeen here since three years ago.

(3) I havebeen here since I came here three years ago.

(4) Thesmiths have been on holiday________ the end of May.

A. at             B. in       C. since       D. by

（大家思考一下，此题答案是什么？可要细心推敲哟）

2、这种用法强调过去开始的动作延续到现在，因此就要求谓语动作是可延续性动词。在考查中就较为注重非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换。

如：（1）I came here three years ago

→ I have been here for threeyears.

（2）She left hometwo weeks ago

→ She has been away from home for two weeks.

注意：非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换有以下几种情况：

1）转换成“be+介词短语”结构

come→ be in /at                come back → be back

join → be in / be a member of

begin / start→ be on              get up → be up

2) 转换成“be+形容词”结构

die→ be dead     leave → be away (from)     get married →be married

finish → be over   fall asleep → be asleep      close → be closed

open → be open    fall ill  → be ill

3) 转换成相应的可延续性的动词

buy→ have       borrow → keep            put on → wear

catch(get) acold → have a cold

三、重点句型：

  It is\ has been + 时间数量+ since+从句（一般过去时态）， 如：

1）It’s two years since he died.

He has beendead for two years/ since two years ago.

He died twoyears ago.

2) It’s twomonths since she left home.

→ She has been away from home for two months.

She left hometwo month ago.

四、have / hasbeen to 与 have / has gone to 的比较。

1、have / has been to “去过某地”，现在已经回来了，后面可接表示“次数”的状语。如Once,twice等

2、have / has gone to “去了某地”，表示已经去了或在途中，还没有返回。如：

1) Where’s Jim?

He has ________ to the library.

2) Jack has_______ to Beijing twice.

（大家思考一下，答案分别是什么？）

 五、一般过去时态与现在完成时态的比较。

1、都表示过去发生的事。

2、现在完成时态强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或持续到现在，与现在有联系。

3、一般过去时态表示动作发生在过去，与现在没有联系，常与表示具体的过去生时间短语连用（last, ago , yesterday, etc.）

考点探究：

作为考点，常常考查对发生在过去的动作时态的判断和运用。

一般来说，表示现在完成时态的动作发生的时间、地点、方式等，只能用一般过去时态。

如：

1）They have gone to Beijing. They___________(go) there by train.

2)  I have seen this film.

—When _______ you _______ it.(see)

—I _________ it last week.

六、巩固练习

（一）选择填空：

1. Myfather _______on business for two weeks. He’ll return in 3 days.

A.left     B. has left  C. has gone  D. has been away

2.—They say there’s a new restaurant nearby.

—Yes, and it ______ for no more than a week.

A. has been open         B. opens  C. is opening  D. is opened

3.—Your name again? I ________ quite catch it.

—Federico max Adam.

A. didn’t    B. don’t     C. wouldn’t    D. won’t

4.—Excuse me, look at the sign NO PHOTOS!

—Sorry, I _______ it.

A. don’t see    B. didn’t see C. haven’t seen D. won’t see

5.—_________ You ________ to New York?

—No, but I will go there next year.

A.Have; gone      B. Do ; go    C. Will ; go  D. Have ; been

6.—Why not go to see the dolphin show with me?

—Because I __________ it.

A.saw        B. will see    C. see      D. have seen

7. The old man has lived in thatsmall house _________.

A.since twenty years ago

B. since twenty years   C. twenty years ago  D. for twenty years ago

8. Jim hasmade many friends since he ____________ to China.

A.came     B. comes     C. has come       D. will come

9. They____________ all their money, so they have to walk home.

A.spend    B. spent  C. have spent       D. will spend

10.—________ my glasses? I can’t read without them.

—I _______ them on your desk just now, but they aren’t there now.

A. Did you see ; saw           B. Have you seen ; saw

C. Do you see; see             D. Have you seen ; see

11.—You haven’t been to Hong Kong, have you?

—________. But I plan to go there this summer again!

A. Yes, I have   B. Yes, I haven’t

C. No, I have       D. No, I haven’t

12. I won’t go to see the film tonight,because I _____ my ticket.

A.lost         B. have lost   C. will lost      D. didn’t have

13.—The farmers have been to the United States.

—Really? When __________ there?

A.will they go      B. did they go

C. do they go        D. have they gone

14.—It’s raining! When did it start?

—I don’t know exactly. In fact, it ___ all this afternoon.

A. lasts    B. has lasted     C. lasted       D. will last

15.In the past few years there _____ great changes in my hometown.

A.have been    B. were    C. had been     D. are

16. My aunt isn’t here. She ______ Shanghai on business. She will be back in three days.

A.went             B. has gone to

C. has been to     D. will go to

17. Jack has never been to Disneyland before, but he _____ there this summer.

A.has been     B. is going       C. went           D. goes

18.—I’m sorry, John. I ______ your dictionary for such a long time.

—Never mind. You can still _____ it a little longer if you like.

A. have borrowed ; keep

B. have lent; kept

C. have kept ; keep  D. have returned ; kept

19.--- When will your sister go to England?

---She           London since four months ago.

A. went to            B. has gone to

C. has been to     D. has been in

20.—Why are you so late? The train has _____ for ten minutes.

—Sorry. I forgot the time.

A.left              B. been away

C. been left    D.gone

（二）用所给单词正确形式填空：(注意延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换)

1. I was so happy to see John again last Sunday. We              each other for more than two years. (not see)

2. I ________________this book for three days. And I want to __________ it a little longer. (borrow)

3.--- Your new watch is so nice！When did you buy it?

---In April. I             it for two months. (buy)

4. His grandfather__________________________ for five years. (die)

5. She ________________________ home for twoweeks.I don’t know when she’ll back. (leave)

6. ---How happy the grandparents are!

---Yes,they                married for fifty years. (get)

7. It has been three days since he _____________ to our city. We are having a great time. (come)

8. ----Has the film already begun?

---- Yes. It ___________________ for five minutes. (begin)

9.----How long have you________________ill?

--- For a week. (fall)

10.We’ve been friends since we __________ last year. (meet)

---答案---

选择填空

1---5 DAABA    6---10 DAACB   11---15 ABBBA    16---20 BBCDB

用所给单词正确形式填空

1.havn’t seen   2.have kept, keep   3.have had  4.has been dead  5.has been away from  6.have been   7.came   8.has been on   9.been 10.met

---The End---