中考英语阅读理解解题技巧有哪些？讲练及答案请收藏！~北京初三全日制

首先，中考试题中的阅读文章题材多样(涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史、地理、科学技术等各个方面)，体裁形式丰富(包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等)，这就需要考生在平时对各方面的文章都有所训练，迎合中考命题趋势。

其次，阅读理解主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，对书面语言的理解能力，尤其是获取信息的能力。在阅读技巧上，考生要了解文章的个别词或句子、文章的某细节或情节、文章的主题、文章的背景知识、文章的结论或结局、文章内涵的寓意等。

第三，从问题设置上可以将问题总结为四种类型：直接性题目，理解性题目，推理性题目和概括性题目。

1．直接性题目：这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以直接从文章的原句中找到答案。

【例1】　(2011温州) History

Canberra is the eighth largest city in Australia. It is 238 km from Sydney and 507 km from Melboume. Melbourne was once the capital of Australia. Sydney people also wanted to make their city the capital. It was difficult for the government to make the decision. Then in 1911, the government chose a place to build the new capital. It was between Sydney and Melbourne, the two largest cities in Australia. It took more than 14 years to build the city, In 1927, the city was set up. It became the capital and was named Canberra. “Canberra” means “a place for friends to get together”．

( )26. How far is Canberra from Sydney?

A. 25 km. B. 238 km. C. 345 km. D. 507 km.

解析：本题属于直接性题目。由第二句It is 238 km from Sydney...

可知B为正确答案。

( )27. The word “Canberra” means ________.

A. the largest city B. beautiful manmade lake

C. the old capital city D. a place for friends to get together

解析：本题属于直接性题目。由最后一句“Canberra” means

“a place for friends to get together”．可知D为正确答案。

拓展　此类题目通常出现在阅读理解A篇，同学们只要细心，

就能在原文找到答案。

( )(1)You can see this ad ________.

A. at a cafe B. at a library C. at school D. at home

( )(2)We can go for lunch at ________ on Monday.

A. 10∶30 B. 11∶45 C. 12∶30 D. 14∶30

( )(3)Mrs. Zhou will spend ________ if she goes for dinner on Friday.

A. $6 B. $7 C. $ 11 D. $ 12

2．理解性问题：要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子做出解释。解答这类题目时需要对有关的上下文，甚至整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解才能做出正确的选择。

【例2】　(2011衢州)

But can you imagine that a tree can talk and share news too? Of course, no tree moves lips and says words just as people do. Strange as it may sound, though, some trees do manage to communicate with each other.

( )50. the underlined word “lips” in the first paragraph means________.

A. 树干 B. 嘴唇 C. 枝条 D. 手势

解析：本题属于理解性问题。says words just as people do意为

“像人一样说话”，我们都知道人是移动嘴唇说话的。因此

lips意为“嘴唇”符合题意。故选B。

【例3】　(2011温州D篇)

DIY can also be dangerous. For example, anything electrical should be done by a professional worker. Unluckily, many people don’t care about this warning and put themselves in danger. It is reported that in just one year over 230,000 people were hurt while doing DIY in UK, including 41,000 who fell off ladders.

Therefore, DIY can bring us fun and help us save money, but it is not always as easy as it is thought to be if we bite off more than we can chew. Maybe factories should make products that are easier and safer for us to DIY.

( )40. In the passage, “we bite off more than we can chew” probably means ________.

A. we can eat everything we like B. we should do something difficult

C. we do something that is too difficult D. we eat too much food that is not safe

解析：本题属于理解性问题。从 “DIY can also be dangerous.”，“one year over 230,000 people were_hurtwhile doing DIY in UK”及“it is not always as easy as it is thought to be if we bite off more than we can chew”中的加横线的词可判断“DIY”是困难的。故选C。

拓展 对于词汇题目，一定要根据上下文去确定词义，切忌望文生义。在出现这种题目时，其下文往往有相应的解释，有的以破折号引出，有的以同义词或短语引出，有的以该词的反义形式说明，但无论哪种形式，在原文中都是会有相应提示，解题时要多注意总结归纳。

◎即学即用2：

Shopping on the Internet is becoming more and more popular. Why do people use the Internet to shop? Some people say it is more convenient. They don’t have to leave their homes to order something; they can shop for anything they want at any time; they can find things for sale that they can’t find in the stores near their homes. Still other people say they can find better prices on the Internet.(2011重庆)

( )(1)The Chinese meaning of the word “convenient” in this passage is “ ________”．

A. 时髦的 B. 较近的 C. 方便的 D. 可用的

On May 8th, 2011, Premier Wen Jiabao made his 10th visit to Sichuan Province after the earthquake. He visited a lot of middle schools and neighborhoods. At Beichuan Middle School, Premier Wen embraced a student named Zhang Haiyang, who lost both of his legs in the earthquake. The students told Premier Wen that their new school was very beautiful. And they would never forget that it was built with the hearts and strength of people across the whole country.(2011宁波)

( )(2)What does the underlined word “ embraced” mean in Paragraph 5?

A. Put arms around him in a loving way.

B. Shook hands with him in a friendly way.

C. Bowed to him in a very polite way.

D. Smiled at him in a very kind way

3．推理性题目：这种题目考生往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而需要根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得考虑作者的主旨、意图等因素加以推理，才能获得正确答案。

【例4】　The day before the surgery I was off school, and my mom planned the best day of my life, everything I loved at seven and everything that would put a smile on my face. The day began with her waking me up saying, “Kate, I have a surprise for you. Come and see.” The surprise was a doll I had wanted for the longest time. Throughout the day, she told me everything that she thought I would need to know to grow up and be a good person; she told me to be the best I could be and that I would always make her proud. We had a picnic in the park, and it was so cold that we moved to the car. The day was filled with laughter. For the first time in a long time I could see she was really happy. I would never forget her smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we were the same age. It was the best day of my life, and I will never forget the conversations we shared.

( )What did the writer’s mother do the day before the

surgery?

A. She stayed at home to have a good rest. B. She went to the doctor’s for advice.

C. She turned to her family for comfort. D. She stayed all day with her child.

◎即学即用3：

My mother managed to live through the surgery. Now when I look back, I realize that the best day of my life could be her last and this could be the last day I would remember with her, the last one we shared. I also understand how unselfish a mother is.

( )The underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggests that________.

A. her mother was ill again B. the surgery was unsuccessful

C. her mother was getting better D. the surgery was simple

4．概括性题目：要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。解答这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题、主题、结论、结局等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、专业知识进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取文章中内含的信息。

【例5】　(2011金华)

Except for a few times, Americans are not big presentgivers. There’s no exchange of presents among business people, and if one American tries to give another a present, it may look like that he wants to bribe(贿赂) him. Americans have learned that in some other countries people like to give presents to others, but among ourselves we don’t see the need for presents.

Even friends may never exchange presents. When I go to foreign countries, I try to bring back little things for close friends, but nobody would feel unhappy if I didn’t. I don’t often remember a friend’s birthday, and few people outside of my family remember mine. If someone gave me presents too often, I’d get unpleasant. But a present from a foreigner—that kind from his or her homeland —won’t go wrong, except to government employees(政府职员) who can’t be given presents.

You usually open a present at once and in front of the person who gives it except Christmas and birthday presents. You should only say, “It’s so nice. Thanks...” when you get Christmas or birthday presents.

You may want to bring a bottle of wine(葡萄酒) or flowers to a dinner party, but you’re never asked to. Nobody will mind if you bring wine, but your friend may not use it that evening.

At Christmas we often give presents to our family and sometimes our friends. We also give presents to people who have been helpful during the year—doormen, babysitters, house cleaners, newspaper senders—anyone who has often helped us.

( )60. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Presentgiving in the United States.

B. Customs(习俗) in the United States.

C. American people and presentgiving.D. When and how to give presents.

◎即学即用4：

DIY, which means Do It Yourself, is quite popular in UK. Lots of stores and supermarkets sell DIY things. TV proprammes show people how to DIY.

English people like DIY. There is a saying in UK—“An Englishman’s home is his castle”. Huge numbers of people spend their holidays making their homes beautiful “castles”. If there is anything that needs fixing around their houses, such as painting the walls or putting in a new shower, they will do the jobs themselves. They share DIY experiences with their friends. More and more people have discovered the joy of DIY. Sometimes people also DIY for saving money. With the economic downturn at present, many people can not afford to buy a bigger house. They are looking at how they can make their house better without spending a lot of money. It is not surprising that DIY is so popular.

DIY can be difficult. There is a huge market for DIY furniture which people need to put together themselves with a few basic tools. However, people often find it not easy to build a piece of furniture because they can’t understand the instructions. Sometimes the instructions are simple and clear, but the furniture itself is difficult to build. One thing is for sure, though most DIY projects are started with the best intentions, many of them may not get finished. DIY can also be dangerous. For example, anything electrical should be done by a professional worker. Unluckily, many people don’t care about this warning and put themselves in danger. It is reported that in just one year over 230,000 people were hurt while doing DIY in UK, including 41,000 who fell off ladders.

Therefore, DIY can bring us fun and help us save money, but it is not always as easy as it is thought to be if we bite off more than we can chew. Maybe factories should make products that are easier and safer for us to DIY.

( )What can we learn from the passage?

A. DIY is a waste of money. B. It is always difficult to DIY.

C. We should be careful while doing DIY. D. It’s very safe for us to DIY

即学即用1：A C D 即学即用2：C A即学即用3：C即学即用4：C